温故
分类 标签 归档 关于
温故

目录

「WSL」糟了我成替身了

自在即为仙 收录于 极客
   约 1160 字   预计阅读 3 分钟 

记录 Windows 10/11 WSL/WSL2 安装和使用中的问题及总结.

开启／关闭功能

WSL

WSL2

upgrade from wsl

# check if version 1
wsl -l -v
# enable hyper-v by administrator powershell command
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
# upgrade
wsl --set-version Debian 2
# if error occured, need to update kernel by download sw from https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/wsl_update_x64.msi

manual install

参考官方分布指引

  1. 管理员权限启动 PowerShell 并执行
    # 开启 WSL 子系统
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
# 开启虚拟机功能
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
  2. 从发布页下载最新的 *.x64.msi 内核更新，并双击安装
  3. 切换默认版本
    wsl --set-default-version 2
  4. 确认 WSL2 是否启用
    wsl --list --verbose
# 如果出错，按提示运行如下命令，并重启
wsl --install --no-distribution
  5. 下载发行版
  6. 安装发行版
    Add-AppxPackage .\TheDebianProject.DebianGNULinux_1.12.2.0_neutral___76v4gfsz19hv4.AppxBundle
  7. 更新发行版（可选）
    sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
# cat /etc/os-release
sudo apt install -y neofetch && neofetch

mount samba with wsl2

经尝试：Windows主机中无法查看WSL2中成功挂载的SMB共享文件

mount nfs with wsl2

经尝试：Windows主机中无法查看WSL2中成功挂载的NFS共享文件

explose port
use bridged network [PASSED;重启后失效]
# check adapter
Get-NetAdapter
# switch to bridge by administrator powershell command
Set-VMSwitch WSL -NetAdapterName Wi-Fi
# delete old ip by wsl console
sudo ip addr del $(ip addr show eth0 | grep 'inet\b' | awk '{print $2}' | head -n 1) dev eth0
# set static ip
sudo ip addr add 10.0.0.48/24 broadcast 10.0.0.255 dev eth0
sudo ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 10.0.0.1 dev eth0
# and set nameserver
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf
# replace with 10.0.0.1 and then save
# or set DHCP directly
use port mapping [FAILED]
fix command

connect iSCSI by wsl2

introduction
  1. compile new kernel with iscsi support | reference
  2. install systemd-genie for systemd support | reference
  3. install iscsi client open-iscsi | reference
  4. discovery and connect
step by step
# 1. compile kernel
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y build-essential flex bison libssl-dev libelf-dev libncurses5-dev git bc dwarves
cd ~  # move to home to avoid compile failure
git clone https://github.com/microsoft/WSL2-Linux-Kernel.git
cd WSL2-Linux-Kernel
export KCONFIG_CONFIG=Microsoft/config-wsl
make menuconfig  # select reference: https://github.com/jovton/USB-Storage-on-WSL2/blob/master/README.md
sudo make KCONFIG_CONFIG=Microsoft/config-wsl
sudo make modules_install
cp ./arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /mnt/c/Users/your-user-name/  # Replace "your-user-name" with your actual Windows user account name.
touch /mnt/c/Users/your-user-name/.wslconfig
vim .wslconfig  # and add content below
[wsl2]
kernel=C:\\Users\\your-user-name\\bzImage
swap=0
localhostForwarding=true
## exit wsl console, and reboot wsl2 instance by powershell
wsl --shutdown
## start a new wsl console, then run
sudo modprobe -v libiscsi  # check if is WSL2 when "modprobe: FATAL: Module xxx not found in directory /lib/modules/4.4.0-19041-Microsoft", reference to https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/639820
sudo modprobe -v scsi_transport_iscsi
sudo modprobe -v iscsi_tcp
sudo modprobe -v libiscsi_tcp

# 2. install systemd-genie
sudo -s
apt install lsb-release
wget -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/wsl-transdebian.gpg https://arkane-systems.github.io/wsl-transdebian/apt/wsl-transdebian.gpg
chmod a+r /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/wsl-transdebian.gpg

cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/wsl-transdebian.list
deb https://arkane-systems.github.io/wsl-transdebian/apt/ $(lsb_release -cs) main
deb-src https://arkane-systems.github.io/wsl-transdebian/apt/ $(lsb_release -cs) main
EOF

apt update
apt install -y systemd-genie

# 3. install open-iscsi
apt install -y open-iscsi
# 4. discovery and connect
sudo genie -c /etc/init.d/open-iscsi start  # start open-iscsi via genie
sudo iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p aio.nas.yirami.xyz
sudo iscsiadm -m node --login  # login all
sudo iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2005-10.org.freenas.ctl:iscsi-documents -p aio.nas.yirami.xyz:3260 --login  # login specified target
#sudo iscsiadm -m node -u  # logout all
#sudo iscsiadm -m node -u -T iqn.2005-10.org.freenas.ctl:iscsi-documents -p aio.nas.yirami.xyz:3260  # logout specified target
#sudo iscsiadm -m session --rescan
ls -l /dev/disk/by-path/
sudo fdisk -l
df -hT
sudo mount /dev/sdb /home/yirami/share
#sudo umount /home/share
sudo chown -R yirami_debian:yirami_debian /home/yirami/share
troubleshooting
  1. According to this comment, move source code to /home/user/xxx rather then /mnt/xxx if kernel compile failed

x11 forwarding

较新的 Windows 版本中引入了 WSLg 功能以直接支持 WSL2 内部的图形渲染工作，但目前还不支持渲染 WSL2 中 Docker 容器中的渲染任务。

step by step
  1. prepare x11 server, recommand mobaxterm or vcxsrv
    • use mobaxterm portable version
    • install vcxsrv | reference
  2. configure environment variable | reference
    export WINDOWS_HOST=$(grep nameserver /etc/resolv.conf | awk '{print $2}')
export DISPLAY="$WINDOWS_HOST:0.0"
export LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT=1
  3. configure firewall | reference
    • add port 6000 for WSL 2 Firewall Unlock
    • disable TCP block rule of xwin_mobax.exe
  4. test
    sudo apt install -y x11-apps
xclock

clean vhdx for wsl or docker

# （如需清理）退出 docker

wsl --shutdown

# diskpart 压缩
diskpart
## 定位 vhdx 文件位置
## Docker 通常在： %LOCALAPPDATA%\Docker\wsl\disk\docker_data.vhdx
## WSL 发行版通常在： %LOCALAPPDATA%\Packages\TheDebianProject.DebianGNULinux_76v4gfsz19hv4\LocalState\ext4.vhdx
select vdisk file="your\path\to\ext4.vhdx"
## 以只读方式挂载
attach vdisk readonly
## 开始压缩
compact vdisk
## 分离磁盘并退出
detach vdisk
exit

Debian 10 / Buster

环境

中文支持

# 配置本地化 Space「选中／取消」 TAB「切换」
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

命令补全

sudo apt install bash-completion

C/C++环境

sudo apt install -y g++ gcc cmake make
# 或安装开发套件
sudo apt install -y build-essential

git

  1. WSL环境安装git
  2. 安装wslgit
  3. 修复中文显示问题
git config --global core.quotepath false
  1. 修复跨平台换行符问题
# 修改全局配置
git config --global core.eol lf
git config --global core.autocrlf input # 对于Linux系统，仅在检入时转换，无需双向转换
git config --global core.safecrlf true
# 或修改项目配置
## 1. 新增 `.gitattributes`文件
## 2. 配置内容
* text eol=lf
# 或手动临时修改
dos2unix

docker

vscode

导致 Windows Defender 高资源占用

添加排除项

  • Code.exe
  • C:\Users\servi\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code
  • C:\Users\servi\AppData\Local\Packages\TheDebianProject.DebianGNULinux_76v4gfsz19hv4
更新于 2026-04-27
 Linux, Windows
返回 | 主页